I have tried and failed to understand exactly what you're asking, but maybe the Album Artwork Manager (Tools->Artwork->Album Artwork Manager) can help? You can scan for problem artwork using a number of criteria, and one of them is "Does not match storage preferences"
If you're just trying to add artwork to an album manually, select all the files, SHIFT+ENTER to bring up the tag editor, right click where the artwork is missing and select "Choose Picture." Then you can link the original image file to the music files without changing any names or anything (or it will rename it if you want too).
If you need an easy way to find albums with missing artwork, the Album Artwork Manager can do that too, and then you can use the second tag-editing suggestion to add artwork to each album it finds.
If this doesn't help, maybe try being more descriptive about what you're trying to do and what problem you're having doing it with examples and/or screenshots.